Inspect thoroughly

Look for wear and tear, as well as signs of previous crashes that might affect performance:

• Rust, especially around the fenders, lights and bumpers, splash panels, wheel wells and under trunk carpeting.
• Paint that doesn’t quite match.
• Misaligned body panels.
• A door that closes unevenly.
• Malfunctioning radio, heater, air conditioner or windshield wipers.
• Damage under floor mats and seat covers.

During the test-drive:

• Unusual smoke could indicate expensive repairs in the car’s future. Bring a friend to observe the exhaust emissions.
• If the yellow “check engine” light goes on, you should get an electronic diagnostic test as well (usually $100–$125).

Have a mechanic estimate any repair costs. Use this estimate to negotiate the price. Or spend about $100 on a vehicle inspection and appraisal service. A technician will check the vehicle’s mechanical and cosmetic features, including brakes, tires, exhaust, seat belts, hoses, steering and body.